Epistaxis 1

Epistaxis  1
Epistaxis or nasal Haemmorrhages or nose bleed is characteristic by haemmorrhages from the Nose, usually due to rupture of small vessels overlying the anterior part of the cartilaginous nasal septum. It is very common feature of child hood and has a varied etiology ranging from traumatism to serious blood Dyscrasias. The most common site of nose bleeding is the anterior part of the nasal septum approximately 1cm above the nasal orifices. Bleeding is usually of sudden onset without any apparent cause and very often it ceases spontaneously though some times it may go on for a long time draining the patient of blood. Slowing down the pulse rate and causing Constitutional debility and fainting. The blood may be bright red or clotted, coagulated or dark, black or fluid or pale or stringy.
Causes. Numerous causes are assigned to epistaxis, but most frequent cause in children is nasal trauma including blow on the Nose, picking the nose, injuries to the nasal mucosa or removal of hard crusts, general congratulations caused by adenoids, foreign bodies, atherosclerosis, disease of the heart, kidneys, liver etc. Yet other causes of epistaxis may be Bleeding polypus. Whooping cough acute infection fever Influenza Malaria and high blood pressure.
Constitutional causes .The children of psoric and Tubercular constitution suffer from nasal Haemmorrhages more frequently of other than constitution. In Tubercular children nasal Haemmorrhages are profuse, bright red, difficult to arrest and are ameliorated. By cold applications. The Children will have a Haemmorrhages from the Nose on the slightest provocation, that is blowing the nos, a slight blow, or washing the face etc. In this constitution, epistaxis often proves to be beneficial as it ameliorates headache, vertigo and congestion of the brain and head.